Knitty: little purls of wisdom
Miss Babs Hand-Dyed yarn & Fibers
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For almost as long as I’ve been a knitter, I’ve been fascinated by the history of knitting. I’ve especially enjoyed the mind-twisting process of working with the often obtuse and obfuscatory language of antique patterns. There’s a thrill, I find, in watching a project emerge row by row and knowing that other knitters, long gone, followed the same path.

The process of decoding, testing and correcting isn’t for everyone, though; and so in this column I hope to share the excitement of the journey by removing as many of the roadblocks as possible. You don’t need to be a historian to come along–just a knitter with a curious mind.


Like a Hat Out of Hell

“Some days,” my grandfather used to tell me, “you eat the bear. And some days, the bear eats you.” It was an oddly rural choice of imagery for a man born and raised in Detroit, but the point was well taken: your place in the great food chain of life is subject to change without notice. Though I remain uneaten, three months in the arena with Frances Lambert’s 1847 take on a lady’s knitted traveling cap have left me feeling distinctly nibbled upon.

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I admit that the cap is a curious choice of pattern for Knitty. Its usefulness, for any woman who doesn’t spend her weekends lolling around a living history museum, is limited. We have no true modern equivalent. It was intended to be worn in spaces – a coach, an inn, a hospitable stranger’s parlor – where a hat would have been too much; but to be entirely hatless would have been both immodest and possibly chilly. Though it perches high atop the wearer like a nervous bird, it covers the ears neatly and offers a surprising amount of warmth.*

If you are a woman who spends her weekends lolling around a living history museum, you are thinking, “My goodness, isn’t that just the very thing!” If you are not such a woman, you are asking, “Why on earth would anybody make this?

I’m so happy you asked.***

An enigmatic aura surrounds most historic knitting patterns, particularly those that – like this cap – were published without even a sketch of the finished product. This makes casting on a sort of casting off:  you plow into uncharted waters with at best a vague notion of where you’ll end up. The destination reveals itself gradually, by stages. Those of you who have participated in mystery knit-alongs will understand the appeal.

The danger, of course, lies in sailing up a blind inlet while thinking you’re heading for the Northwest Passage. It’s not necessarily that there are errors in the pattern, though often there are. It’s more a matter of ambiguity in how maneuvers are described. Miss Lambert might intend for you to Do This, or she might intend for you to Do That. You have no choice but to guess which she means, and if you choose wrong you may not find out for quite some time.

An average pattern will offer you one or two such forks in the path. Usually I like them. They add spice. This pattern, however, was a conga line of ambiguities, including uncertainty at several key junctions whether Miss Lambert truly meant “knit” when she wrote “knit,” or whether she meant “purl.”

While it’s unfair to get to angry with the dear lady – she was, after all, attempting to convey in words what had for centuries been taught by direct demonstration – I confess that by the fourth time I ripped out and re-calculated the decreases in the crown, I began to hope she had died a painful death and gone to a circle of Hell in which she is forever poked with double-pointed needles and peppered with insoluble pattern support questions.

spacerWas it worth it, in the end? It was. I always hope that these antique mystery knits will turn up a twist or a technique that I haven’t encountered before, and this one did. Even if you have no interest in knitting the full cap, check out the intriguing stitch pattern that (kinda sorta) gets carried through the entire piece.

At first glance, it looks like stockinette with an occasional ridge of garter – but it’s not. It uses radical decreases and increases to create a  stockinette-like fabric that lies flat and does not curl. I kid you not. What’s more, Miss Lambert’s clever practice of changing to a new color on fourth row of her stitch pattern causes the shades to blend gently from one to the next like watercolors. Enchanting.

It’s almost enough to make me to hope she’s not actually in Hell.

Almost.

*I know this for certain because after finishing it I wore it around the house for several hours on my very bald head. There are few borders, gentle reader, which your humble correspondent will not cross to make you happy.**

** No, there are no pictures of this. That would be one of the few borders I will not cross.

***Because this would otherwise be a dreadfully short column and the editor would yell at me.

title
beauty shot

translated by Franklin Habit from My Knitting Book (Second Series)
by Frances Lambert

Tangy

 

 

 

 

spacer model: Liz Moran spacer photos: Franklin Habit

FINISHED MEASUREMENTS

Length from front edge of roll to tip of peak: 8 inches
Height from crown to bottom edge of roll: 9 inches

MATERIALS
Yarn

Historic note:
The original pattern calls for a selection of five shades of any light color, plus white.

spacer [MC] Sunday Knits Nirvana 3 ply [92% merino wool, 8% cashmere; 246yd/225m per 50g skein]; color: Cream; 1 skein
spacer [CC1] Sunday Knits Nirvana 3 ply; color: Twig; 1 skein
spacer [CC2] Sunday Knits Eden [100% merino wool; 246yd/225m per 50g skein]; color: Sage; 1 skein
spacer [CC3] Sunday Knits Nirvana 3 ply; color: Wren; 1 skein
spacer [CC4] Sunday Knits Brigadoon 3 ply [100% merino wool tweed; 246yd/225m per 50g skein]; color: Stone; 1 skein
spacer [CC5] Sunday Knits Brigadoon 3 ply; color: Birch; 1 skein

Recommended needle size
[always use a needle size that gives you the gauge listed below -- every knitter's gauge is unique]
spacer 1 24-inch US #5/3.75 mm circular needle

Notions
spacer Row counter (optional)
spacer T-pin or safety pin
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GAUGE
20 sts/28 rows = 4" in texture pattern
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PATTERN NOTES
[Knitty's list of standard abbreviations and techniques can be found here.]

The cap is worked in one piece from the outer “roll” or brim to the “frill” at the back.

p3tog: Purl next 3 sts together. 2 sts decreased.

p4tog: Purl next 4 sts together. 3 sts decreased.

Texture Pattern (Worked over an even number of sts):
Row 1 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] to last st, k1.
Row 2 [WS]: [K1, m1] to last 2 sts, k2.
Row 3 [RS]: K all sts.
Row 4 [WS]: K1, p to end. Note that changes of color are always made at the beginning of this row!
Repeat Rows 1-4 for Texture Pattern.

It is a good idea to swatch the texture pattern before beginning, to ensure that you are familiar with it.

Directions for making a tassel can be found here.

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DIRECTIONS

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FRONT ROLL
Using CC1, CO 102 sts. K 1 row (a WS row).

Work Rows 1-3 of Texture Pattern.

Continue in Texture Pattern as follows, beginning with Row 4. When changing colors, always leave a tail approx. 6 inches long of both the color you have just finished working with, and the new color.

Work 4 rows using CC2.
Work 4 rows using CC3.
Work 4 rows using CC4.
Work 4 rows using CC5.
Work 4 rows using MC.
Work 4 rows using CC5.
Work 4 rows using CC4.
Work 4 rows using CC3.
Work 4 rows using CC2.
Work 4 rows using CC1.

Using MC, p 1 row. This row marks the point where the front roll will fold back.
The side of the work which has been the RS will now become the WS.

CROWN
Continuing with MC, work Row 4 of Texture Pattern, then Rows 1-3.

Crown is shaped using short rows, as follows:
Row 1 [WS]: P82. Turn work.
Row 2 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 30 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 3 [WS]: [K1, m1] 29 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 4 [RS]: K52, m1, k1. Turn work.
Row 5 [WS]: K1, p48. Turn work.
Row 6 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 22 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 7 [WS]: [K1, m1] 22 times, k2. Turn work.
Row 8 [RS]: K46. Turn work.
Row 9 [WS]: K1, p to end.
Row 10 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] to last st, k1.
Row 11 [RS]: [K1, m1] to last 2 sts, k2.
Row 12 [RS]: K82. Turn work.
Row 13 [WS]: Using CC3, k1, p61. Turn work.
Row 14 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 30 times. Turn work.
Row 15 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 29 times. Turn work.
Row 16 [RS]: K58. Turn work.
Row 17 [WS]: Using CC3, k1, p56. Turn work.
Row 18 [RS]:  K1, [k2tog] 27 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 19 [WS]: [K1, m1] 26 times, k2. Turn work.
Row 20 [RS]: K53. Turn work.
Row 21 [WS]: Using CC3, k1, p51. Turn work.
Row 22 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 25 times. Turn work.
Row 23 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 24 times. Turn work.
Row 24 [RS]: K48. Turn work.
Row 25 [WS]: Using MC, k1, p46. Turn work.

Note: The following pair of short rows is worked at a different interval than the rows that preceded it.

Row 26 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 21 times. Turn work.
Row 27 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 19 times. Turn work.
Row 28 [RS]: K39. Turn work.
Row 29 [WS]: K1, p37. Turn work.
Row 30 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 18 times. Turn work.
Row 31 [WS]: [K1, m1] 17 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 32 [RS]: K34. Turn work.
Row 33 [WS]: K1, p32. Turn work.
Row 34 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 15 times. Turn work.
Row 35 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 14 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 36 [RS]: K29. Turn work.
Row 37 [WS]: K1, p27. Turn work.
Row 38 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 13 times. Turn work.
Row 39 [WS]: [K1, m1] 12 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 40 [RS]: K24. Turn work.
Row 41 [WS]: K1, p22. Turn work.
Row 42 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 10 times. Turn work.
Row 43 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 9 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 44 [RS]: K19. Turn work.
Row 45 [WS]: K1, p17. Turn work.
Row 46 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 8 times. Turn work.
Row 47 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 7 times. Turn work.
Row 48 [RS]: K14. Turn work.
Row 49 [WS]: K1, p12. Turn work.
Row 50 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 5 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 51 [WS]: K1, [k1, m1] 4 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 52 [RS]: K9. Turn work.
Row 53 [WS]: K1, p7. Turn work. 91 sts on needle: 8 sts at center, 42 sts at left side of center, 41 sts at right side of center, with RS facing.

Shape back of crown as follows. Note that decreases used will create holes in fabric; this effect is intentional.
Row 1 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 3 times, k1. Turn work.
Row 2 [WS]: [K1, m1] 3 times, k2. Turn work.
Row 3 [RS]: K8. Turn work.
Row 4 [WS]: K1, p6, p3tog. Turn work.

Row 5 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 3 times, k3tog. Turn work.
Rows 6-8: Work as for Rows 2-4.
Repeat Rows 5-8 four times more, then work Rows 5-7 once more. 67 sts: 8 sts at center, 30 sts at left side of center, 29 sts at right side of center (when RS is facing).

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FRILL
Using CC3, continue as follows:
Row 1 [WS]: K1, p6, p4tog. Turn work.

Row 2 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 3 times, k4tog, k1, [k2tog] 2 times. Turn work.

Row 3 [WS]: K3, [k1, m1] 3 times, k2. Turn work.

Row 4 [RS]: K11. Turn work.

Row 5 [WS]: K1, p9, p4tog, p3. Turn work.

Row 6 [RS]: K1, [k2tog] 6 times, k4tog, k1, [k2tog] twice. Turn work.

Row 7 [WS]: K3, [k1, m1] 6 times, k2. Turn work.

Row 8 [RS]: K17. Turn work.

Row 9 [WS]: Using MC, k1, p15, p4tog, p3. Turn work. 48 sts: 20 sts at center, 14 sts at each side.

Row 10 [RS]: [K2tog, k1] 6 times, [k2tog] twice, k2. Turn work.

Row 11 [WS]: [K1, m1] 14 times, k2. Turn work.

Row 12 [RS]: K30. Turn work.

Row 13 [WS]: K1, p32. Turn work.

Row 14 [RS]: *[K2tog] 3 times, k1; repeat from * 4 times more. Turn work.

Row 15 [WS]: [K1, m1] 19 times, k4. Turn work.

Row 16 [RS]: K42. 58 sts: 42 sts at center, 8 sts at each side.

Row 17 [WS]: Using CC1, k1, p48, k1. Short row shaping is complete.

Continuing with CC1, work Rows 1-3 of Texture Pattern.
BO all sts.

TIES (Make 2)
Cut eight 24-inch lengths of CC5 and sixteen 36-inch lengths of CC1.
Divide lengths into six bundles of four strands each: two bundles of CC5 and four bundles of CC1.

Take one CC1 bundle and two CC5 bundles and tie them together with an overhand knot approx. 1 inch from the end. Fasten the knot end to a blocking mat or the arm of an upholstered chair with a T-pin or safety pin, and braid the three bundles together. When approx. 3 inches of yarn remain, fasten with another firm overhand knot.

Trim ends to approx. 0.25 inch.

Using MC, create two three-inch long tassels. Attach one tassel to each tie.

Historic note: As an alternative to the braided cords, Miss Lambert recommends using lengths of matching ribbon without tassels. She says these are “prettier,” and they also happen to be less of a pain in the neck to make.

 

FINISHING
Weave in ends. Soak and gently block.

When dry, fold back front roll along the MC stripe and use a  length of CC1 to sew CO edge to foremost edge of crown.

Using MC, firmly sew non-tasseled end of each tie to right and left inside of cap, where front roll and back shaping come together at a point.

This cap is worn very high, exposing most of the top of the head. It should be tipped backwards slightly so that the sides of the front roll cover the ears. Tie the cords just under the right or left ear, whichever is preferred. When rough travel is expected, for example by coach or on Mr. Cunard’s new ocean-going paddle wheeler, a few judiciously-placed hair pins may be employed.

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ABOUT THE DESIGNER
habit-portraitBlank Franklin Habit is the Chicago-based proprietor of the popular knitting blog The Panopticon and author of It Itches: A Stash of Knitting Cartoonslink (Interweave Press), which has recently spawned both the Work in Progress Notebook and a 2011 calendar.

He doesn't loll about living history museums all days, since men in living history museums don't get to knit.

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